The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), commonly known as the Tamil Tigers, were a separatist militant organization fighting for an independent homeland for Sri Lanka’s Tamil minority in northern Sri Lanka. In 2006, after another failed round of negotiations, the Sri Lankan government declared all-out war on the LTTE and the group was militarily defeated in May 2009. In March 2004, a large faction of the LTTE led by Colonel Karuna defected, significantly weakening the organization. Starting in 1985, the LTTE began negotiations with the Sri Lankan government however, multiple rounds of negotiations failed and were interrupted by bouts of violence and clashes between both sides. The LTTE were also notorious for their use of suicide terrorism, perpetrated by their elite suicide bombing unit known as the Black Tigers. The LTTE successfully carried out a number of high-profile attacks, including the assassination of two heads of state. During the 1980s, the LTTE defeated a number of different Tamil militant groups, emerging as the dominant group by the end of the decade. The LTTE was founded in the early 1970s by Velupillai Prabhakaran, who led the group until his death by Sri Lankan armed forces in May 2009. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) were a militant separatist group fighting for an independent homeland for Hindu Tamils in Northeastern Sri Lanka.
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